Manganese: What Goes Around Comes Around

Key Takeaways

The complex chemistry of manganese makes optimizing its removal in surface water treatment plants challenging, particularly if a facility is zero-liquid discharge or if it recycles significant portions of its process washwater.

Concentrations of manganese fractions across treatment and solids-handling processes must be understood for optimal removal.

Efforts to optimize treatment for a specific contaminant such as manganese must account for any effects on other unit processes.